4.2 suli

zemoT naTqvamidan gamomdinare, warmoudgenelia, rom adamians aqvs "ukvdavi suli" an raRac ukvdavi nawilaki. axla Cven SevecdebiT movaciloT gaugebroba sityva "sulis" garSemo.

Zvelebraelur da berZnul enebSi sityva, naTargmni rogorc "suli", SesaZloa aRniSnavdes Semdegs: _

sxeuli
sunTqva
goneba
guli
Wkua
pirovneba
TviTon

amitom sityva "suli" ekuTvnis pirovnebas, sxeuls an Tavis Tavs. ganTqmuli fraza "ixseniT Cveni sulebi" (SOS) niSnavs "gvixseniT sikvdilisagan!" rogorc Cans sityva "suli" aRniSnavs pirovnebas ("Sen, Tqven") an imis Sejamebas, rasac adamianis pirovneba warmoadgens. naTeli xdeba, rom bibliis uamravi Tanamedrove gamocema iSviaTad sargeblobs sityva "suliT" da Targmnis mas sityvebiT "Sen, Tqven" an "pirovneba, adamiani". RmerTis mier Seqmnili pirutyvebi, es _ "suldgmuli... yoveli suldgmuli, mcuravi" (dab 1:20, 21). Zvelebraeluri sityva "nephesh" naTargmnia aq rogorc "suldgmuli". amaves vxedavT magaliTSi dab 2:7: "... da iqca adami cocxal arsebad". aqedan gamomdinare, adamiani cocxali arsebaa, xolo pirutyvi _ suldgmuli. erTaderTi gansxvaveba kacobriobisa da cxovelTa Soris adamianis gonebaSia; is RmerTis anareklia (dab 1:26; ix. nawili 1.2). garda amisa, zogierTi xalxi mowodebulia Seicnos saxareba, romlis meSveobiT maT miecema ukvdavebis imedi (2 tim 1:10). sikvdilis bunebis Sesaxeb ar aris gansxvaveba kacTa da pirutyvTa Soris.

"kacis da pirutyvis xvedri erTia _ erTis sikvdili meorisas hgavs... yovelive (ese igi, kaci da pirutyvi) erT adgils miva (samareSi); yvelaferi miwisganaa da yvelaferi miwad iqceva" (ekl 3:19, 20). RvTivsulieri mwerali eklesiaste RmerTs daxmarebas Txovda, raTa xalxs gaego, rom isini Tavis Tavad pirutyvni arian (ekl 3:18). rasakvirvelia, bevrni damamcireblad CaTvlian imis aRiarebas, rom bunebiT Cven pirutyvni varT da vcxovrobT imave TviTdamcvelobis instinqtiT. leqsSi ekl 3:18 naTqvamia, rom TmerTi "gamocdis" adamians imave fiqriT, rom is TavisTavad mxolod pirutyvia; ese igi, vinc sakmaod Tavmdabalia gaigebs am WeSmaritebas, vinc ki ver gaigebs _ is ver gaivlis am "gamocdas". meoce saukunis ganmavlobaSi msoflioSi gavrcelda humanizmis filosofia _ idea, rom xalxi mniSvnelovania. mogviwevs rTuli amocanis gadaWra, raTa gavanTavisuflod Cveni goneba humanizmis gavlenisagan. amaSi dagvexmareba Semdegi leqsebi: "aramed sruli amaoebaa yoveli Ze xorcieli" (fsalm 39:5). "momavali kaci ver warmarTavs Tavis nabijebs" (ierem 10:23).

erTerTi ZiriTadi WeSmariteba, romelic Cven viciT, gvacnobs, rom sabolood yvela xalxi kvdeba, yvela cocxali arseba kvdeba, aqedan gamomdinare, "sulic". igi sruliad upirispirdeba raime ukvdavs. ar aris sakvirveli, rom bibliis sityvebis erTi mesamedi, naTargmni rogorc "suli", ukavSirdeba sikvdilsa da sulis ganadgurebas. TviT faqti, rom sityva "suli" amgvarad aris gamoyenebuli, gviCvenebs rom mas ar SeuZlia iyos ukvdavi da gaunadgurebeli: _

_ "codvili suli unda mokvdes" (ezek 18:4).

_ "ufro metad imis geSinodeT, visac sulis daRupvac SeuZlia geenaSi da sxeulisac" (maT 10:28). sxva miTiTeba sulis sikvdilis Sesaxeb gvxvdeba leqsebSi: ezek 22:27; igavn 6:32; lev 23:30.

_ yoveli "sulieri", romelic qalaq sacorSi iyo, maxviliT daiRupa (ieso 11:11; Sd. ieso 10:30-39).

_ "... daixoca yoveli suldgmuli" (gamocx 16:3; Sd. fsalm 78:50).

_ moses rjuli gvarigebs, rom nebismieri "suli", romelic daarRvevs uflis mcnebebs, unda moikveTos Tavisi xalxidan (mag., ricxv 15:27-31).

_ miTiTebas imis Sesaxeb, rom suli midrekilia maxeSi gabmisaken, aqvs azri mxolod maSin, rodesac gaTvaliswinebulia sulis sikvdili (igavn 18:7; 22:25; iob 7:15).

_ qristem "sasikvdilod gawira Tavi", ase rom misi "suli" an cxovreba codvis gamosasyidi iyo (es 53:10, 12).

is, rom "suli" ekuTvnis ufro adamians an sxeuls, vidre raRac nawilaks CvenSi, naCvenebia uamrav leqsSi, romelSic gamoyenebulia es sityva. qvemoT mocemulia amis magaliTebi: _

_ "adide, sulo Cemo, ufali da mTelo Signeulobav Cemo _ misi wmida saxeli. adide, sulo Cemo, ufali da nu daiviwyeb mis qvelmoqmedebas" (fsalm 103:1, 2).

_ "visac surs suli SeinarCunos, igi dakargavs mas; xolo vinc Cemi... gulisTvis dakargavs suls, igi SeinarCunebs mas" (mark 8:35). es amtkicebs im debulebas, rom suli ar ekuTvnis raime nawils CvenSi, aq sityva "suli" (berZnulad "psuche") niSnavs mxolod viRacis fizikur cxovrebas da amitom amgvarad aris naTargmni.