6.2 eSmaki da satana

sityva "satana" warmoadgens gadauTargmnel Zvelebraelur sityvas, romelic "mopirispires" niSnavs; amave dros sityva "eSmaki" aris berZnuli sityvis "diabolis" Targmani, rac "crus, mtersa da crumbraldebels" aRniSnavs. Tu Cven gvwams, rom satana da eSmaki arseboben da Cveni codvebis pasuxismgebelni arian, maSin rodesac ar unda Segvxvedriliyvnen es sityvebi bibliaSi, Cven maT codvil adamians davukavSirebdiT. am sityvebis bibliuri gamoyeneba gviCvenebs, rom maTgan warmoiSveba Cveulebrivi xalxis aRmweri zedsarTavi saxelebi. es faqti dauSvebels xdis im azrs, rom sityvebi satana da eSmaki, rogorc isini bibliaSi arian gamoyenebulni, ekuTvnian CvenSi myof codvil pirovnebas an arsebas.

sityva "satana" bibliaSi

3 mef 11:14 vkiTxulobT: "gauCina ufalma mteri (igive Zvelebraeluri sityva, romelic sxva adgilebSi naTargmnia rogorc "satana") solomons: edomeli hadadi"; da Semdeg: "kidev gauCina mas ufalma mteri (sxva satana)... israelis mteri (satana) iyo is" (3 mef 11:23, 25). es imas ar niSnavs, rom RmerTma gauCina friadbunebrivi pirovneba an angelozi, romelic satana (mteri) iqneboda solominisaTvis; igi Cveulebriv xalxs uCenda. maT 16:22, 23 aRwerilia sxva magaliTi. petre cdilobda daerwmuna ieso ar wasuliyo ierusalimSi sikvdilis misaRebad. ieso mobrunda da upasuxa petres: "momcildi satanav! Cemi sacduri xar, vinaidan fiqrob ara imaze, rac RvTiuria, aramed imaze, rac adamianuria". ase, petres satana ewoda. aq kristalurad naTelia, rom qriste angelozs an eSmaks ar esaubreboda, rodesac ambobda am sityveba; igi petres mimarTavda.

radgan sityva "satana" mopirispires aRniSnavs, maSin karg adamians da TviT RmerTsac ki SesaZloa ewodos "satana". arsebiTad, es sityva araviTar codvas ar warmoadgens. codvis elferi, romelic sityva "satana"-s gaaCnia, nawilobriv im faqtiT aris ganpirobebuli, rom Cveni codvili buneba TviTon aris Cveni mowinaaRmdege da "satana". es elferi aseve Seesabameba xalxis enaSi am sityvis gamoyenebas codvasTan dakavSirebiT. RmerTsac ki SeuZlia iyos CvenTvis satana, radgan mas Semoaqvs Cvens cxovrebaSi gansacdeli. magram, Tu Cven vuwodebT RmerTs "satanas", es imas ar niSnavs, rom igi TviTon "codvilia".

"mefeTa" da "neStTa" wignebi aseve gvaZleven am epizodebis aRweras; oTxi nawyveti saxarebidan erTa da imave faqtze metyvelebs, magram amisTvis gansxvavebul stilistikur xerxebs mimarTavs. leqsSi 2 mef 24:1 naTqvamia, rom RmerTma daavala daviTs israelis mosaxleobis aRwera. am movlenis Sesabamisi aRwera 1 neSt 21:1 mocemulia amgvarad: "satana adga israelze da israelis aRricxvis survili aRuZra daviTs". erT nawyvetSi naTqvamia, rom RmerTma aiZula daviTs aRwera Caetarebina, xolo sxva nawyvetSi, satana gzavnis mas. erTerTi daskvna, romelic SeiZleba gamovitanoT aqedan Sedgeba imaSi, rom RmerTi daviTis mimarT "satanis" an mowinaaRmdegis saxiT gamodioda. igive gaukeTa RmerTma iobs, rodesac gaugzavna sacdeli cxovrebaSi. iobma Tqva masze amgvarad: "mtarvalad meqeci, Seni Zlieri mklaviT mebrZvi" (iob 30:21); faqtiurad iobma Tqva: "Sen moqmedeb Cems winaaRmdeg rogorc satana".

sityva "eSmaki" bibliaSi

igive sityva "eSmaks" exeba. iesom Tqva: "Tormeti (mociquli) ar agirCieT? erTi Tqvengani eSmakia". igi iuda iskariotelze metyvelebda, romelic Cveulebrivi, mokvdavi adamiani iyo. is ar saubrobda rqebian pirovnebaze an, egred wodebul, sulze. sityva "eSmaki" ekuTvnis aq codvil adamians. 1 tim 3:11 sxva magaliTs gvaZlevs. mRvdlebis colebi ar unda iyvnen "cilismwameblebi". aq pirveladi berZnuli sityva aris "diabolis", romelic sxva adgilebSi aris naTargmni rogorc "eSmaki". ase pavle afrTxilebs tites, rom eklesiaSi xanSi Sesuli qalebi "cilismwameblebi" anu "eSmakni" ar unda iyvnen (tit 2:3). igive man timoTes uTxra (2 tim 3:1, 3): "ukanasknel dReebSi... adamianebi iqnebian... mgmobelni (eSmakni)". es imas ar niSnavs, rom isini friadadamianebad iqcevian, magram isini bevrad codvilni iqnebian. sruliad naTelia, rom sityvebi "eSmaki" da "satana" ar ekuTvnian dacemul angelozs an sxva codvil arsebas.

codva, satana da eSmaki

sityvebi "satana" da "eSmaki" CvenSi myof bunebriv codvil midrekilebebis gamosaxatad gamoiyenebian, ris Sesaxeb Cven visaubrebT nawilSi 6.1. es Cveni ZiriTadi "satana" an mowomaaRmdege aris. es sityvebi aseve SesaZloa iyos gamoyenebuli gasasuliereblad, da am SemTxvevaSi isini aRniSnaven "eSmaks", rogorc Cvens mowinaaRmdeges, cilismwamebels. es _ isaa, rasac warmoadgens Cveni bunebrivi "adamiani" _ namdvili eSmaki. kavSiri eSmakisa da CvenSi myof codvil survilebs Soris, aSkarad aris gamoxatuli ramodenime nawyvetSi. "raki bavSvebi (Cven) sisxlisa da xorcis moziareni arian, Tavadac (ieso) eziara maT, raTa (Tavisi) sikvdiliT gaaqarwylos is, visac sikvdilis xelmwifeba aqvs, ese igi eSmaki" (ebr 2:14). aq naTqvamia eSmakze, rogorc sikvdilis pasuxismgebel arsebaze, magram "codvis sazRauri sikvdilia" (rom 6:23). amitom, codva da eSmaki erTmniSvnelovan gagebiT ixmarebian. amis msgavsad, iak 1:14 metyvelebs, rom Cvens codvil survilebs cdunebaSi SevyavarT da isini codvisaken mogviwodeben da, aqedan gamomdinare, sikvdilisaken; ebr 2:14 aRniSnavs, rom eSmaks sikvdili moaqvs. amave leqsSi naTqvamia, rom iesos Cveni buneba hqonda eSmakis gasanadgureblad. es kontrastulad upirispirdeba rom 8:3: "RmerTma moavlina Tavisi Ze codvili xorcis msgavsebaSi (ese igi, Cven adamianur bunebaSi) da codvis gamo msjavri dasdo codvas xorcSi". aq naCvenebia, rom eSmaki da codvisaken midrekileba, romelic Cven adamianur bunebas gaaCnia, arsebiTad erTi da igives warmoadgens. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania imis gageba, rom ieso aseTive cdunebas ganicdida, rogorc Cven. eSmakis Sesaxeb swavlebis gaugebroba iesos bunebisa da saqmeebis Cven araswor warmodgenas aRniSnavs. mxolod imitom, rom iesos Cveni adamianuri buneba, "eSmaki" gaaCnda, Cven SegviZlia xsnis imedi viqonioT (ebr 2:14-18; 4:15). bibliuri eSmakis, Tavisi sakuTari bunebis survilebis gadalaxviT, iesom SeZlo eSmakis ganadgureba jvarze (ebr 2:14). Tu eSmaki pirovneba yofiliyo, maSin igi ver iarsebebda. ebr 9:26 metyvelebs, rom qriste "gamoCnda Tavisi msxverpliT codvis aRsakveTad". ebr 2:14 aigiveebs amas debulebasTan, rom Tavisi sikvdiliT qristem eSmaki gaanadgura. iesom Tavisi sikvdiliT gaauqma "codvis sxeuli" (rom 6:6), ese igi, adamianis buneba, codva, romelic Cven sxeulebSi mJRavndeboda.

"codvis Camdeni eSmakisgan aris" (1 ioan 3:8), imitom rom codva aris Cveni sakuTari codvili survilebis daTmobis Sedegi (iak 1:14, 15), romlebsac biblia "eSmaks" uwodebs. "amisaTvis gamoCnda Ze RvTisa, raTa daerRvia eSmakis saqmeni" (1 ioan 3:8). Tu Cven ar vcdebiT msjelobis dros, rom eSmaki Cven codvil survilebs warmoadgens, maSin am codvili survilebis Sedegi codvaa, es Seesabameba 1 ioan 3:5: "igi (ieso) gamoCnda, raTa itvirTos Cveni codvebi". es Cven daskvnas amtkicebs, rom "Cveni codvebi" da "eSmakis saqme" _ erTi da igivea. saq 5:3 eSmakisa da Cveni codvebis kavSiris sxva magaliTs gvaZlevs. petrem uTxra ananias: "ratom aRavso Ceni guli satanam, rom mogetyuebina suliwmida?" Cveni gulis avseba raimeTi igivea, rac Cveni gulis avseba sataniT. Tu Cven TviTon vavsebT guls raimeTi, magaliTad, codvili gegmiT, maSin is iRebs sawyiss CvenSi. Tu qalSi nayofi Caisaxa, igi mis gareSe ar arsebobs, is masSi viTardeba. iak 1:14, 15 imave gagebas iyenebs, raTa aRweros Tu rogor "gulisTqma Casaxavs da Sobs codvas. Cadenili codva ki Sobs sikvdils". fsalm 109:6 adarebs codvil adamians eSmakTan: "daayene mis mimarT boroti da eSmaki dadges mis marjvniv", ese igi, ubrZanebdes mas (Sd. fsalm 110:1).

gasuliereba

magram Tqven sruliad safuZvlianad SegiZliaT TqvaT: "es saubari eSmakze ise mimdinareobs, TiTqos igi adamiani iyos!" da es marTali iqneba. ebr 2:14 metyvelebs masze, rogorc sikvdilis saxelmwifos mqoneze. bibliis zedapiruli kiTxvac ki gviCvenebs, rom masSi xSirad moqmedebs gasulierebis idea, saubari abstraqtul gagebis Sesaxeb, rogorc adamianze. ase, igavn 9:1 naTqvamia brZeni qalis Sesaxeb, romelmac aaSena saxli, xolo rom 6:23 codva sulierdeba molares saxiT, romelic sikvdiliT iZleva sazRaurs. ufro dawvrilebiT es sakiTxi ganxilulia gadaxveva 5. eSmaki, "diabolis" xSirad warmoadgens Cvens codvil survilebs. magram SeuZlebelia adamians hqondes abstraqtuli "satanizmi". adamianis gulSi Casaxul codvil survilebs ar SeuZliaT arseboba adamianisagan damoukideblad; amitom "eSmaki" sulierdeba. codva xSirad gamodis batonis saxiT (mag., rom 5:21; 6:6, 17; 7:3). aqedan gamomdinare, gasagebia, rom "eSmaki" aseve sulierdeba; da amasTanave "codvas" ekuTvnis. amrigad, pavle metyvelebs Cvenze, rogorc Cvens sxeulSi myof gaorebul pirovnebaze (rom 7:15-21), sadac sxeulis adamiani, "eSmaki", ebrZvis sulier adamians.

magram sruliad gasagebia, rom CvenSi sityvasityviT araviTari mobrZole pirovneba ar arsebobs. Cveni bunebis es codvili nawili gasulierebulia sityviT "boroti" wignSi maT 6:13, bibliuri eSmakis mniSvnelobiT. 1 kor 5:13 igive "borotis" aRmniSvneli sityva naTargmnia, rogorc "ukeTuri" da amiT naCvenebia, rom rodesac adamiani uTmobs codvas, ese igi, Tavis "ukeTurs", igi TviTonve "boroti" anu "eSmaki" xdeba.

"eSmaki" da "satana" politikur konteqstSi

sutyvebi "eSmaki" da "satana" gamoiyeneba aseve codvil da mankier samyaros aRweraSi, romelSic Cven vcxovrobT. kacobriobis sazogado, politikur da fsevdo-religiur ierarqiebis Sesaxeb SesaZloa isaubro "eSmakis" mniSvnelobiT. eSmaki da satana axal aRTqmaSi xSirad ekuTvnian ebraelur da romaul sistemebis politikur da sazogado xelisuflebas. ase Cven vkiTxulobT eSmakis Sesaxeb, romelic agdebs morwmuneebs sapyrobileSi (gamocx 2:10); aq igulisxmeba romauli xelisufleba, romelic svams morwmunes cixeSi. amave konteqstSi Cven vkiTxulobT pergamis eklesiis Sesaxeb, romelic satanas taxtis maxloblad mdebareobs, ese igi, aq saubaria romauli koloniis marTvelobis adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb, romelic pergamSi iyo da sadac aseve morwmuneTa jgufi imyofeboda. Cven ar SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom satanas TviTon, Tu igi arsebobda, piradad hqonda taxti pergamSi.

individualuri codva ganisazRvreba rogorc RmerTis rjulis darRveva calkeul adamianiT (1 ioan 3:4). magram codva, gamoxatuli koleqtiurad, rogorc politikuri da sazogado Zala RmerTis winaaRmdeg, aris ufro Zlieri, vidre individualuri. am koleqtiur Zalas, romelic zogjer gamoixateba Zlieri arsebiT, eSmaks uwodeben. am gagebiT irani da sxva islamuri qveyana uwodeben SeerTebul Statebs "didZal satanas", ese igi, maTi kursis politikur da religiur mimarTulebis did mowinaaRmdeges. es erTerTi magaliTia, romelic gviCvenebs, rom sityvebi "eSmaki" da "satana" xSirad gamoyenebulia bibliaSi.

dasasruls unda vTqvaT, rom am sakiTxis Sesaxeb, ufro vidre sxva romelimeze, mniSvnelovania Cveni gagebis dayrdnoba saerTo daskvnaze, gamotanil mTel bibliidan, da ara ramdenime leqsidan, romelic Seicavs warmaval frazebs, gavrcelebul azris Sesaxeb eSmakze. wignis nawilebi 6.1 da 6.2 sasargebloa gadavikiTxoT. maTSi mokled aris gadmocemuli is Sexeduleba, romelic gvaZlevs yvela nawyvetis, eSmakisa da satanis Sesaxeb swor gagebas. es sityvebi SesaZloa ixmarebodes Cveulebriv zedsarTav saxelebis Sesaqmnelad an, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, codvas ekuTvnodes, romelic Cveni adamianuri bunebis danaSaulia. ganmartebis dros, zogierTi Zalze damaxinjebuli nawyvetebi, romlebic moyvanilni arian gavrcelebuli Tqmulebebis mxardasajerad, ganixileba am Tavis bolos mocemul gadaxvevaSi.